Resistance to sliding in orthodontics: misconception or method error? A systematic review and a proposal of a test protocol
Savoldi Fabio, Papoutsi Aggeliki, Dianiskova Simona, Dalessandri Domenico, Bonetti Stefano, Tsoi James K. H., Matinlinna Jukka P., Paganelli Corrado,
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( Savoldi Fabio ) - University of Brescia Dental School Department of Orthodontics
( Papoutsi Aggeliki ) - Slovak Medical University Medical Faculty Department of Orthodontics
( Dianiskova Simona ) - Slovak Medical University Medical Faculty Department of Orthodontics
( Dalessandri Domenico ) - University of Brescia Dental School Department of Orthodontics
( Bonetti Stefano ) - University of Brescia Dental School Department of Orthodontics
( Tsoi James K. H. ) - University of Hong Kong Faculty of Dentistry Dental Materials Science
( Matinlinna Jukka P. ) - University of Hong Kong Faculty of Dentistry Dental Materials Science
( Paganelli Corrado ) - University of Brescia Dental School Department of Orthodontics
Abstract
Resistance to sliding (RS) between the bracket, wire, and ligature has been largely debated in orthodontics. Despite the extensive number of published studies, the lack of discussion of the methods used has led to little understanding of this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to discuss variables affecting RS in orthodontics and to suggest an operative protocol. The search included PubMedⓒ, Medlineⓒ, and the Cochrane Libraryⓒ. References of full-text articles were manually analyzed. English-language articles published between January 2007 and January 2017 that performed an in vitro analysis of RS between the bracket, wire, and ligature were included. Study methods were analyzed based on the study design, description of materials, and experimental setup, and a protocol to standardize the testing methods was proposed. From 404 articles identified from the database search and 242 records selected from published references, 101 were eligible for the qualitative analysis, and six for the quantitative synthesis. One or more experimental parameters were incompatible and a meta-analysis was not performed. Major factors regarding the study design, materials, and experimental setup were not clearly described by most studies. The normal force, that is the force perpendicular to the sliding of the wire and one of the most relevant variable in RS, was not considered by most studies. Different variables were introduced, often acting as confounding factors. A protocol was suggested to standardize testing procedures and enhance the understanding of in vitro findings.
키워드
Bracket; Wire; Biomaterial science
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